Lenins New Economic Policy A Study of Short and Long...

The New Economic Policy instituted by Vladimir Lenin in 1922 was seen as a necessary evil in order to maintain power in the Soviet Union. While most historians agree with Lenin’s assessment and believe that without the change the entire Soviet economy would have collapsed there is a wide range of thoughts on the true effectiveness of the NEP. This paper will look at the progression of the NEP and the differing views Bolshevik leaders had on it as well as the perceived effectiveness of the limited free market policies adopted by these socialist leaders. It will also try to determine if NEP could have remained a viable option for the economy long term. The New Economic Policy was in many ways a reactionary policy put forth because of†¦show more content†¦The sailors rallying cry â€Å"Soviets without Bolsheviks† reflected a growing anger at the Bolsheviks who since they had taken power had gone about taking over almost every aspect of the economy. Although Leon Trotsky was able to take down the revolutionaries with a force of his own the Bolsheviks knew that it was necessary to make changes. The Soviet Union, therefore, moved back toward Capitalism in an attempt to motivate the common people. The first step was only to replace the collectivization of food with a food tax allowing peasants to keep their surplus. But according to Lenin â€Å"the private market proved to strong for us.†(Davies, 1998). Over the course of the next few months, the Soviet Union continued its slide away from Socialism in order to reinvigorate the economy. The Bolsheviks made several concessions including selling or leasing many of the smaller factories, heavy industry stayed mainly under state control, back to private individuals and allowing them to once again make a profit. In conjunction with this, compulsory employment was also eliminated allowing employers to fire workers that were either not needed or performed poorly on the job. The last major change was bringing back the ruble. The Bolsheviks had eliminated the ruble shortly after they took power mainly because it almost had no value, but with the start of NEP the ruble was brought back to help facilitate the buying and selling of goods in an open market and the paying of

Vox Populi Media and Popular Culture Essay Example For Students

Vox Populi Media and Popular Culture Essay An ever-changing phenomenon, reflecting what shapes the very community we live in, popular culture is what has (and will forever continue) to define every generation of society. Mullets, tie-dye, disco, go-go boots, rap, plaid, the Beatles, Britney Spears, nerd   glasses â€Å" just a few societal trends that have come and gone throughout the years. Some stuff stuck, and some, well, no one wants to remember anymore. ART The Egyptians were one of the first civilizations to portray human beings as a stone-idealized form of art. Although for more spiritual purposes, they created the basis for art to exist as a vital part of culture, as a major form of expression. Today, art is seen in numerous, varied types â€Å" traditional paintings, sculptures, installations, graffiti, and even the unconventional, tattooing, which fascinates me most. The creation of art on our mortal vessels amazes me. Enduring the pricking and poking to make yourself a canvas. Art has played the most pivotal role in my life. Growing up, I somehow always managed to surround myself with art. A print of Salvadore Dalis (my favourite artist) Les Elephants brought about my interest in art. It has been hanging in my room from the before I was born. Only 3 years old, I kept copying the piece, trying to make its replica (in vain, till date). Although art is still very much an underrated, not as mainstream form and part of culture, different types of it, like Anime, Manga, comic books are pretty popular between the masses. Till date, we cannot decide whether the purpose of art is to glorify humans or make him insignificant, but all we can do is enjoy and appreciate the exasperatingly carrying forms of it! MUSIC Music and culture have a correlation like no other. Music is a distinct, diverse subculture within a culture. Each musical era is extremely different and offers its own uniqueness in traits and values. Be it rap, or electronic music, music expresses both the time and a personal, intimate view into a persons personality. The best part about todays society when it comes to music is that you can find every type of music being listened to by different people. Some prefer classical, some jazz, etc. Me, however, Ive been brought up listening to the likes of Led Zeppelin, Deep Purple, Guns ËÅ"n Roses, Queen, and many more of the classic rock bands there were. My father had an insurmountable music collection, complete with vinyls of all the possible rock bands you can think of. It stuck with me, and is something Im defined by and proud of. MEDIA Mass media and popular culture go hand in hand. The population is bombarded with popular culture by television, radio, advertisement, internet and every other imaginable form to help us determine our views of society. Personally, social media has never interested me much. The incredibly popular Facbook and Twitter, was fun for a while initially, but then got absolutely monotonous for me to keep such a close tab on them. Albeit I spend a lot of time on the internet, but it in no way controls me, like it does to so many others. I honestly think Im one of the few people who still listen to the radio. It really is such an impressive feat to be able to hold the attention of people solely with the sound of your voice! Media today, including television and the internet especially, holds utmost power of influence. CULTURE Our popular culture is vox populi, fickle and consistent with change. The ideas never seem to die out. Sometimes for the better, but sometimes for a stupid excuse to say YOLO

Water Essays - Hydrology, Hydraulic Engineering, Water Management

Water Conservation The City of Tucson is currently using far more water than it is replacing. Options and plans to solve this problem in the future are severely limited because of the fact that Tucson, Arizona is desert land. With the population continually growing, and each populant continually using more water, something needs to be done. The only answer that can be immediately put into action is water conservation. This solution can be practiced by individuals, corporations associations, and many other people - people need to realize that they need to help now. Through research, this paper reveals the specific reasons that people need to conserve water now, gives some insight to help the reader understand why the water will run out, and tells the reader how they can help now. INTRODUCTION Water is the source of all life, especially in a desert community such as Tucson, Arizona - where the state's average rainfall is less than 10 inches a year (2c). Water is the reason that humans were able to settle in the Southwest, and without it, the great city of Tucson would be non-existant. Humans also have to realize that this supply of water is valuable and limited, and unable to support this region indefinitely. Since we, the local residents of Tucson, are currently using far more groundwater than we are replacing (8), consideration and planning need to be addressed in the form of conserving this precious supplier of life, water. MATERIALS AND METHODS In searching for materials relevant to my topic, I was faced with several options. First, Dr. James Riley gave me a couple of very useful phone numbers: one, to contact the Pima Association of Governments - (520) 792-1093 - and the other, the Arizona Department of Environmental Quality - 1-800-234-5677. Each was quite helpful and offered to send me information through the mail, but my time span would not allow this. So then, I turned to the University of Arizona's Sabio Library Reference search, available online at http://dizzy.library.arizona.edu/, and found numerous sources available by using the keywords "Tucson, Arizona water conservation". Many of these were books that I felt were out-dated and inadequate to my needs, so I turned to some other search engines on the internet, using the same key words. I found several helpful sites, but the most helpful was the homepage for Water Resources in the Tucson Basin, available at http://ag.arizona.edu/swes/tucwater1/ -- I scrolled down to the area labeled internet links to find up-to-date sites with the most information available on water conservation in the Tucson area. RESULTS In order to conceive the concept that our water supply will not last forever, one must realize where the water is coming from. As Water words, a quarterly newsletter produced by SAWARA, explained it: "Nearly all water used in this area comes from an underground aquifer formed over thousands of years of geologic time. The aquifer is made up of varying layers of clays, sands and gravels that have been deposited in Avra Valley and the basin which underlies the greater metropolitan Tucson and Green Valley area. Substantial volumes of water, accumulated from years of snowmelt and rainfall, are contained within the tiny spaces surrounding the grains of these sediments." (8) This picture, shown on the Water Resources Research Center WebPages, at http://www.ag.arizona.edu/azwater/ (2d) shows a nice diagram of the explanation from above. By understanding how these aquifers formed over thousands of years, hopefully you are able to associate that they do not quickly replenish themselves. Therefore, at the rate humans are using the water from the wells dug into these aquifers, it will soon be gone. So we must realize that there are many actions that must be taken, the most important being conservation. In research data presented by the Tucson Active Management Area, it shows that Tucson is currently using about 312,000 acre-feet (AF) per year (1a). The major sources that this water supply comes from includes groundwater, effluent water, and CAP water. As show by the figure below (1b). Water Supplies Used To Meet Demand - 1994 Source Acre-Feet Percent Central Arizona Project 24,000 7.7 Effluent 11,000 3.5 Groundwater 279,000 88.8 (One acre-foot equals 325,851 gallons.) As one can see, an overwhelmingly large amount of the water supply comes specifically through groundwater. The very source that is the most difficult to replenish because this groundwater supply has accumulated over thousands of years. But as the number of water users is rapidly increasing each year, as well as the amount of water each uses, it is easy to conclude that this supply will eventually

25 Synonyms for Expression

25 Synonyms for Expression 25 Synonyms for â€Å"Expression† 25 Synonyms for â€Å"Expression† By Mark Nichol Many words can be employed to refer to an expression. Most, as you’ll see, are true synonyms of one or more others, but a few have specific (and sometimes unique) connotations. Here are the synonyms and their senses: 1. Adage (from the Latin adagium, â€Å"proverb†) An often metaphorical observation: â€Å"The early bird gets the worm.† 2. Aphorism (from the Greek aphorismos, â€Å"definition†) A principle concisely stated: â€Å"Less is more.† 3. Apothegm (from Greek apophthegma, derived from apophthengesthai, â€Å"to speak out†) An instructive comment: â€Å"Cleanliness is next to godliness.† 4. Banality (from the French banal, â€Å"commonplace†) A trite comment: â€Å"You get what you pay for.† 5. Bromide (from the word for a compound, made in part from the element bromine, used as a sedative) A hackneyed statement: â€Å"We have to work together.† 6. Byword A proverb, or a frequently used word or phrase: â€Å"You can get more flies with honey than with vinegar.† 7. Chestnut (from the Greek kastanea, â€Å"chestnut†) A stale saying or story: â€Å"There’s no such thing as a free lunch.† 8. Clichà © (from the French word for â€Å"stereotype†) An overly familiar expression: â€Å"Keep the faith† (or an overdone theme, like moviedom’s manic pixie dream girl). 9. Commonplace (from the Latin locus communis, â€Å"widely applicable argument†) An obvious but often tiresome or unfortunate comment: â€Å"What goes around comes around† (or a trite phenomena, such as drivers sending text messages). 10. Epigram (from the Greek epigramma, derived from epigraphein, â€Å"to write on†) A concise and wise and/or clever saying: Time is money.† 11. Homily (from the Latin homilia, â€Å"conversation†) a catchphrase (or sermon) meant to inspire: â€Å"To err is human; to forgive divine.† 12. Maxim (from the Latin maxima, the superlative of magnus, â€Å"large†) A rule or principle: â€Å"A watched pot never boils.† 13. Moral (from the Latin moralis, â€Å"custom†) The lesson of an instructive story: â€Å"Be satisfied with what you have.† 14. Motto (from the Latin muttire, â€Å"mutter†) A statement of a principle: â€Å"Be prepared.† 15. Platitude (from the French plat, â€Å"dull†) A banal remark: â€Å"Blondes have more fun.† 16. Precept (from the Latin praeceptum, â€Å"something taken before†) A statement of a rule: â€Å"Thou shalt not kill.† 17. Principle (from the Latin principium, â€Å"beginning†) A law or rule of conduct: â€Å"It is better to give than to receive.† 18. Proverb (from the Latin proverbium, from pro-, â€Å"for† or â€Å"to,† and verbum, â€Å"word†) A direct synonym for adage, byword, epigram, and maxim. 19. Saw (from the Old English sagu, â€Å"discourse†) A maxim or proverb, often referred to with some condescension: â€Å"You’ve heard that old saw about how to get healthy, wealthy, and wise.† 20. Saying An adage: â€Å"Let sleeping dogs lie.† 21. Sententia (from the Latin word for â€Å"feeling, opinion†) A brief expression of a principle: â€Å"To thine own self be true.† 22. Shibboleth (from the Hebrew word for â€Å"stream,† described in the Bible as a word used, by its pronunciation, to distinguish speakers of one region for another) A widely held belief: â€Å"Time heals all wounds.† 23. Slogan (from Scottish Gaelic sluagh-ghairm, â€Å"war cry†) A statement of a position or goal: â€Å"Say what you mean, and mean what you say† (or an advertising statement: â€Å"We will not be undersold!†). 24. Trope (from Latin tropos, â€Å"turn,† â€Å"way,† â€Å"manner,† â€Å"style†) A common figure of speech: â€Å"Not that there’s anything wrong with that† (or a trite theme, as the climactic duel in a western movie). 25. Truism An obvious truth: â€Å"You can’t win them all.† Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Vocabulary category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:20 Great Similes from Literature to Inspire You"Gratitude" or "Gratefulness"?How Do You Fare?

Health Care Finance (Module 1-CBT) Research Paper

Health Care Finance (Module 1-CBT) - Research Paper Example The industry average for health care industry is a current ratio of 2:1. Days in accounts receivables show how many days it will take for OHC to collect its outstanding receivables. As shown from above, OHC took 32.91 days (on average) to collect its receivables in 2007; and this situation has worsened in 2008 where the company took 55.22 days to collect the outstanding amounts. These high values show that there may be a problem in revenue collection process and the company needs to address the issue quickly to ensure that receivables are collected in quick time. The analysis of liquidity ratios shows that the company is fairly liquid. It is able to meet its short term obligations. However, the days in accounts receivable has worsened than 2007 and some action may be required to reduce the number of days to collect outstanding funds. The operating margin ratio was 76.5% in 2007 which shows that the cost of services provided by OHC is small as compared to the revenue generated (that is, for every $1 revenue, the company incurs an operating cost of $0.235. This shows healthy performance. The operating margin ratio has improved in 2008 (as it increases to 78.5%). This shows that the operating cost has gone further down as compared to 2007. As shown from above, OHC was fairly profitable in 2007 and the gross profit margin has increased in 2008. Although, it may be argued that healthcare organization should not have very high profit margins as this indicates that they are charging high fee from patients. c. Return on Assets (ROA) The ROA for OHC is calculated as below: Return on Assets for OHC Medical Center Year Net Income / Total Assets = ROA 2007 $37,370,000 / $44,450,000 = 84.07% 2008 $34,177,000 / $49,370,000 = 69.23% Although the company has been profitable during 2007 and 2008; but the above table shows that OHC has not been able to effectively utilize its assets towards generation of profits. The Return on Assets was 84% in 2007 which was satisfactory but it declined sharply in 2008 to 69%. This may not be acceptable to shareholders as this indicate

Predicting our future Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Predicting our future - Essay Example She further explains that we never know what our future has in store for us. Didion goes on to say what is surprising is that sometimes we seldom remember the details of the event which changes our life in a minute or we remember the incident quite vividly as it happened just yesterday. Joan Didion lost her husband suddenly on the evening of December 30, 2003 when he had a heart attack. Her daughter was also admitted in a hospital because her pneumonia had worsened. The couple had returned from the hospital and she was getting the dinner ready. The author writes each and every detail systematically as if the event has been imprinted on her mind. For instance, she says, â€Å"We had come home. We had discussed whether to go out for dinner or eat in. I said I would build a fire, we could eat in. I built the fire, I started dinner, I asked John if he wanted a drink.† This implies the fact that the incident had left such an impact on her that she even remembered minute details of that day. She writes that everything was ordinary as they had been following this routine for the last twenty four years of their life. But in the next instant, she explains â€Å"John was talking, and then he wasn’t†. ... t comes in â€Å"waves, paroxysms, sudden apprehensions that weaken the knees and blind the eyes and obliterate the dailiness of life.† The author wrote that she could not accept the fact that everything had happened so fast. Though she used to interview people who had been in accidents and traumatic events, she could not somehow, make up her mind that her husband had really died. When she woke up in the morning after her husband’s death, she thought that she had fought with him and that is why he was not in the bed. But seconds later, her mind triggered the events and then everything came back rushing to her mind. She compares the grief of her husband’s death to her parent’s death. She says that when her mother died, she was regretful that she had not spent more time with them. But in a way she had been expecting their death in the near future because they both had been in their late 90s. But what she felt in her husband’s case was more painful and more overwhelming. She says this was because it was a sudden death and she was not expecting that this would about to happen. â€Å"One moment he had been there-and the next he was gone†. This suddenness added to her grief and she could not come to terms with it. She had not been expecting everything to change so fast. He was her life partner, her soul mate, and her friend and so she says it was not easy to let go of everything. For a year almost she kept on imagining him everywhere and everything around used to remind her of him. She says grief is nothing that can be imagined. One only knows of it once he has experienced it. It is clear that people one loves will eventually die. However, nobody envisions how life would be without them. Even if someone does think of that, it is not what actually happens. If one thinks

Give examples to support your views Essay Example for Free

Give examples to support your views Essay Develop the above points and also explain why you think science fiction films are commercial successful? Give examples to support your views. Science fiction films are commercially successful because they have a high production value. This allows Sci-Fi’s to follow the uses and gratifications theory through creating an escapist environment using cgi, props, costumes and Special FX. The high production value enables the codes and conventions of a sci-fi to remain consistent (lasers, futuristic outfits, bright light) in the environments and costumes of the Mise en scene. Furthermore, The cliche’s in the mise en scene allow the target audiences to quickly recognise with sci-fi films because they are familiar to the various references of brought through the advanced cgi, costumes, special FX and props in the Mise En Scene that would be used in a typical sci-fi. Star wars: the force awakening has used familiar cliche’s within their narrative to provide escapist entertainment of which target audience can recognize. Star wars: the force awakened has used high budget of $300 million to create the different Alien species, props, costumes and environment transferring the audience into a realistic work of the protagonists. Because of this, the force awakens was able to achieve a box office of 2 billion dollars to be one of the most successful science fiction films till date. Science fictions films hybridise with other genres. This means that Science fiction films can reach a larger demographic of audiences which would enable more box office revenue to be generated from a science fiction films. Sci-Fi’s often hybridise with the family, crime or comedy genres as these genres attract the largest amount of different demographics. For example, Mars Attacks! Hybridised with the family and comedy genre. This enabled the target demographic to expand further form the stereotypical sci-fi intelligent and intellectual enthusiasts. It enabled ‘Mars Attacks! ’ to generate a revenue of 100 million dollars as parents could now experience a sci-fi with comedic value with their children. Similarly Sci-Fi’s hybridising enable a change in the iconography which would allow the visuals of a sci-fi to furthermore attract a larger audience. An example of this is in Chappie where the relationship between Chappie and the female protagonist is a representation of a mother figure targeting a female demographic. Science fictions film have an existing loyal fan base. A science fiction’s film fan base consumes Sci-Fi’s on mobile phones, laptops, consoles, PC and webpage these allow Sci-Fi’s to be commercially successful as a sci-fi film would now have a variety of methods to inform their target audience whether it be by making games (e. g. Star wars battlefront), posters or webpages that may promote a Sci-Fi’s narrative. ‘Monster’s vs aliens’ have used viral marketing, a website and teaser trailers in order to reach their fan base. Through this they were able to inform their target audience (children age 7-14) by creating interactive webpages that information of the protagonists and sharing links to their website and teaser trailers on social media platforms. Sci-fi films who have used this are successful as the intuitions were able to reach their target demographics by the how much the target audience uses each platform. Science fiction films are commercially successful because they hybridise with other genres, have high production values and have an existing fan base that consume sci-fi on various media. This is because the hybridisation allows science fictions films to target a larger demographic whilst the high production value engrosses the audience into the narrative. Additionally, the existing fan base that consume on various media enables Science fiction films to advertise to various devices ensuring that the target audience would be informed about the Sci-fi film. Show preview only The above preview is unformatted text This student written piece of work is one of many that can be found in our GCSE Audience and Production Analysis section.