Sociology Unit G671

* Complicit masculinity the new universe that is willing to cook tea, pick up the children from school and put the washing on. * Subordinate masculinity the gay man * Marginalised masculinity the hegemonic man today. Associated with the working class, as this group of males cant get the typical jobs, mining etc due to loss of industry so they cant fulfil their destiny Firstly, the family socialises masculinity in a look of ways. A study by Ann Oakley argues that gender socialisation takes place in 4 ways Manipulation Parents encourage behaviour, which is seen as normal for the childs gender and admonish what is seen as deviant for example, boys are encouraged from an early age to take part in playing football and discouraged from taking part in ballet lessons. * Canalisation this involves channelling the childs interests to toys and activities seen as normal for his or her sex. An example of this is boys playing with toy cars and action men Verbal appellation the names that children are called which teaches gender take into account behaviour for example, big boys dont cry and the tone of voice used. * Different activities children are encouraged to involve themselves in different activities for example, boys playing together to make a camp. Although Ann Oakley did her research 30 years ago and is considered out of date, a more new-fangled study by Joanna Smith (1997) reinforces Oakleys points.Feature Article Sociology TestA recent study also said that the family is stereotypically gendered to males, breadwinners and females, caring roles. (Charles 2002) This shows that boys can learn these roles from looking at their fathers behaviour. Secondly media plays a role in influencing masculinity. There are a range of different Medias, we can actively choose what we watch on the television and what magazines we read, however, to a degree, it is all around us. The adverts that are on